Electric vehicles are mainly composed of three parts: electric drive system, power supply system and auxiliary system.
The electric drive system includes controllers, power converters, electric motors, mechanical transmissions, and wheels.The electric motor is like the engine of an internal combustion engine.Its main task is to convert the electrical energy stored in the power battery into kinetic energy of the wheels to drive the vehicle, or to convert the kinetic energy on the wheels into electrical energy and feed it back to the power battery during braking to achieve vehicle braking energy recovery.The controller is like the nerve center of the human body. Electric vehicles must use a vehicle control system to coordinate the control of various subsystems to achieve the best performance of the vehicle. The power system includes battery pack, battery management system (BMS), etc. The auxiliary system includes auxiliary power source, power steering system, air conditioner, lighting device, etc.
Internal combustion engine vehicles use a mixture of fuel and air to burn in the cylinder to generate explosive force that drives the piston to move, and then the crankshaft converts the linear motion of the piston into rotational motion, thereby driving the wheels. The electric motor is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When current passes through a coil, a magnetic field is generated around the coil, which interacts with the permanent magnet to generate torque and drive the motor to rotate.
